ABSTRACT
In order to record the effect of carbamate pesticide on hypothalamus of Channa punctatus, fish were exposed to sublethal concentration (0.18 mg l(-1), 30% LC50 for 96 hr) of Cartap for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr under static bioassay condition. Hypothalamo-neurosecretory complex of the murrel consisted mainly of nucleus preopticus (NPO), nucleus lateralis tuberis (NLT) and their axonal tracts. NPO is a paired structure situtated on either side of the third ventricle anterodorsal to the optic chiasma and looked inverted L-shape in the sagittal section. NPO is morphologically divisible into a dorsal pars magnocellularis (PMC) consisting of large neurons and ventral pars parvocellularis (PPC) formed of smaller neurosecretory cells. NLT cells are distributed in the infundibular floor adjacent to the pituitary stalk. Sublethal Cartap treatment induced an initial hypertrophy of the neurosecretory cells of NPO and NLT followed by loss of staining affinity as well as varying degrees of cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis. Herring bodies (HB) were also encountered in the neurohypophysis of the treated fishes.
Subject(s)
Animals , Hypothalamus/drug effects , Neurosecretory Systems/drug effects , Perciformes/metabolism , Thiocarbamates/toxicityABSTRACT
The activities of phosphatases and transaminases were studied in muscle and liver of the fresh water fish, Oreochromis mossambicus on exposure to different sublethal concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mgl(-1)) of cartap hydrochloride (insecticidal derivative from marine polycheate) for 96 h. There was an overall decrease in phosphatases and transaminases activity in muscle and liver of the fish subjected to cartap hydrochloride.
Subject(s)
Acid Phosphatase/metabolism , Alanine Transaminase/antagonists & inhibitors , Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism , Animals , Aspartate Aminotransferases/antagonists & inhibitors , Liver/drug effects , Muscles/drug effects , Polychaeta/chemistry , Thiocarbamates/toxicity , Tilapia/metabolismABSTRACT
This study was conducted on 165 adult male albino rats divided into seven groups: Group I included negative control, Group II received distilled water, Group III received corn oil, Group IV [IVa and IVb] received methionine, Group V [Va and Vb] received thiocarbamate, Group VI [VIa and Vib] received methionine 1/2 hour after thiocarbamate and Group VII [VIIa and VIIb] received methionine two hours after thiocarbamate. Groups IVa, Va, VIa and VIIa were sacrificed after 48 hours; while groups I, II, III, IVb, Vb, VIb and VIIb were sacrificed after three weeks. Serum testosterone, estimation of testis weight, liver function tests [AST, ALT, ALP and T. Bil], histochemical and histopathological examination were done. The results showed that thiocarbamate caused testicular and hepatic toxicity and its severity increased by time. Methionine was found to be a promising protective agent against such toxicity through glutathione dependent mechanism. Also, the earlier it was given, the better protection could be offered
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Liver/drug effects , Testis/drug effects , Protective Agents , Histology , Methionine/pharmacology , Liver Function Tests , Testosterone , Rats , Thiocarbamates/toxicityABSTRACT
La administración del derivado carbamal azufrado en tratamientos agudos, tanto en ratas como en ratones, provoca, manifestaciones neurotóxicas como son: disminución de la locomoción, períodos de excitación y convulsiones clónicas intermitentes; debido a esto se realizó una evaluación primaria de esta toxicidad. Se determinó que existe dosisdependencia de los signos neuróticos provocados por un tratamiento único, que el efecto tóxico correspondiente a cada administración del producto es menor cuando se administra en dosis fraccionadas y al estudiar la hipersensibilidad o tolerancia a este producto se demuestra que las dosis de 150 y 200 mg/kg administradas durante 15 días producen una tolerencia, así como que la dosis limitante para la aparición de los efectos neurotóxicos es de 300 mg/kg de peso